Improvement in ventilators for vehicles



z Sheets-Sheetl.

J. E. RICHARD. VENTILATORS FOR VEHICLES.

Patented May 1, 1877.

' INVENTOR /Z/%SSES ATTORN EV N-FETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER WASHXNGTOM I1 (2.

. r v ZSheets-Sheet 2. J. E. RICHARD.

VENTILATORS FOR VEHICLES.

No. 190,359. v Patented Mayl, 1877.

ATTOR N EY N-PETERS FHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER, WAPHINGTDN. By C.

To all whom it may concern: a!

Be it-known that I, JEAN ELIE RICHARD, of' New York, in thecounty'of New York and :State of New York, have invented a new and vvaluable Improvement in Ventilators for Ve- A @JEANTE'Q'RICHARD, on EW YORK, N. Y..

hicles; and I do hereby declare 'thatthe following isza full, clear, and exactxdescription ofthe constructionand operation-of the same,

reference beinghad tothe annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and'to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon. Figure 1 of thexdrawings is mo ma.

2 'tion of a perspective view'of this invention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the "same.- Fig. 3 is a partial vertical longitudinal section; Fig. 4 is a verticaltransverse section, showing the ventilator horizontally arranged. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section. r I

This invention has relation to' means for ventilatin g cars and other moving receptacles; and it consists in the construction and novel arrangement of a suction-tube, having an inclined spiral wall or walls, opening by a mouth or months in the direction of motion, whereby the centrifugal action of a whirling current or eddy of external air is utilized to draw out the interior air, as hereinafter fully shown and described.

In the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates the upper portion of an ordinary car, to whichthe ventilator is applied on the outside. B indicates the ventilating-opening near the top of the car. This may be the ordinary ventilating-opening, as now constructed in cars, or it may be built expressly for this ventilator. When the induct of the ventilator is larger or smaller than the aperture of the ventilating-opening, a coupling or reducer, O, is designed to be used, connecting the ventilator with the car. D represents the suction or whirl ventilator. This consists of a body, E,

spout F, and draft-mouths G. The body E is of cylindrical or rounded form, and is provided with an induct, a, which is designed to communicate with the ventilating-opening of the car, either directly or through the medium of a reducer or elbow. Within the body is located a concentric cylindrical flange-wall, b, projecting in the direction of the spout, and connected with the wall of the body by means I it lMP ROV-EMENT IN V E NTILATORSQFO R VEHICLES.

I Specificationjiorming part of'lntetters Patent No.li90,369', dated May'1,18 77; application filed q v -zse temter1a'1e16. 1 v

' of an annular inclined wall, 0', which forms a continuation-of 'the inclined spiral walls'of the-trumpets or months. 1 The spout F forms a conical flaring extension outward ofthe body,- and is provided with'a cone-shaped cap,

' d, of larger diameter than its opening, which is connected with the spout by means of sup- '-porting-arms e. These may be made with hinge or loop connections f, in order that the cap may be swung open whenever theinterior of the ventilator requires inspection. One of the'supporting arms may b'e-made in th'eform of a hook, for convenient disconnection, as shown at g; The object of this cap is toannul'the opposing effectof an adversecurrent of air into the spout from the outside, and-to convert it'into'an auxiliary draft, aiding the general suction of the ventilator. -'G designates the draft-mouths, usually'two in number, and arranged opposite each other in the line of motion of'the car. These are usually rectangular in cross-section, but may be rounded. They are coniform, having aserpentine spiral shape, and their Walls are gradually reduced from the enlarged flaring apertures h to the small neck or throat k, which is located exterior and tangent to the outer part of the rounded body -E, that portion of the wall of the body being usually constructed common to said body, and the throat it, although sometimes a double wall, may be used. The annular inclined wall 0 of the body is continued, as shown at c, in the wall of the draftmouths G, passing through an opening, I, at the outer portion of the body, through which the draft enters. This opening communicates with the narrow portion or neck k of the draftpassage, and it is provided with a swinging valve, m, which is pivoted or hinged to the draft-case in such a manner as to be easily accessible for repairs or oiling purposes. This valve is designed to close the passage from either draftmouth into the circular body E when the draft enters at the other, and it is operated automatically by the current. Its free edge, when closed, lies against the margin of the neck-opening l, and in this position its plane is so inclined that it forms a kind of connectingwall between the wall of the body and that of the draft-mouth which is open, forming the completion of the spiral passage at this point.

H indicates an exterior slide, designed to close the draft-tube at the exterior portion of the neck, when the valve on is attached. This slide is removable to facilitate access to this valve, which is the only working part of this ventilator.

If the spout F is designed to project laterally and horizontally, the body E may be continued toward the car sufficiently to form a connection therewith, or with a suitable reducer; but if the spout is designed to stand upright, the body may beconnected by means ofa bend or elbow, L, which may be either rigidly or removably attached to its induction end.v In either position the draft-mouthsGr are designed to open in opposite directions,

but in the line of motion of the car, so that the air will enter the forward mouth or trumpet, and will be guided by its spiral wall and by the valve m into the annular recess a, exterior to the inclined flange c, which bounds the interior central opening a, throughthe inclined wall or diaphragm 0. By means of the inclined wall 0 and the concentric walls of the recess 12, the whirling or spiral movement which the draft-current received in the trumpet G is continued and intensified, and the air is delivered to the flaring spout F, in whirling motion. Here the centrifugal action and the inclination of the wall effect an enlargement of the whirls of the current, and a central suction is set up, which. forcibly draws through the'inducta and interior circular throat to the air from the interior of the car, and all the dust, smoke, and other impurities floating therein, and it is impossible for dust and smoke :to getfinto the car through the ventilator, because of the outflowing draft through the trumpet.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A suction-ventilator for cars and other vehicles, having a spiral draft-passage, an induct, and an exit-spout communicating centrally with the induct and tangentially with the draft-passage. substantially as specified.

2. Asuction-ventilator consisting of the body portion, having an induct, a, annular diaphragm c, flanged central opening a, and lateral opening I, the guarded exit-spout, the

draft-mouth G, and the valve m, substantially as specified. v 1 3. The combination, with the exit-spout,, induct 0,, andta'ng'ential draft mouths G, of the body E, having the annular flanged diaphragm 0, and the lateral valved opening I, substantially as specified. v

14. The combination, in a ventilator, of the spiral exterior draft-fines and the central induct, through whichthe exterior air is drawn by the whirling motion of the external air passing through said draft-flues, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

JEAN ELIE RICHARD.

Witnesses:

VILLETTE ANDERSON, W. C. MASI. 

